The cramps appear short of a prolonged effort, rarely in the wake of a violent effort. But they may also be linked to a bad position muscle during this effort.They are a violent contraction, painful and involuntary muscle. On en distingue plusieurs causes probables : There are several likely causes:
A deficiency ion.
The movement of muscles is produced by the contraction of fibers inside muscle cells. This is done through ion exchange, mainly potassium ions, magnesium, sodium and calciumShould there be a deficit of these ions into the cell, cramps appear.This deficit, or imbalance in the exchange of ions in the heart of the cell may have several causes: dehydration, increasing the temperature within the muscle or a poor diet.
The lactic acid.
Another probable cause of these cramps is the accumulation of waste from the manufacture of energy within the muscle and mainly lactic acid.
In an effort normal, like walking or exercise measured sports which we are prepared properly, the mitochondria cells provide the energy needed for the effort through a mechanism called cellular respiration. This reaction requires oxygen and a waste of this reaction is lactic acid.As nature is well done, lactic acid is then reused in the metabolism.
If the effort is intense and prolonged, the cells may lack oxygen and in this case, to produce energy, they will perform another reaction called cell fermentation.This reaction produces a lot more lactic acid and it accumulates in the muscle.This accumulation makes the muscle more and more rigid and makes the effort more difficult, accompanied by a feeling of fatigue.Moreover, increasing the amount of lactic acid in the cell disrupts the release of calcium follows then cramp.
Lactic acid is also responsible for the second enemy of effort, aches.Indeed, in the event of prolonged effort, everyone has already felt the next day, these diffuse pain that is known aches. They usually disappear after two to three days or more quickly if you drink a lot before, during and after physical activity. Again it is the accumulation of lactic acid which is the origin of this muscle stiffness. In s'hydratant, it helps the organization to evacuate more easily.But we must not confuse these with those aches accompanied by fever or nausea.The latter are not due to a physical effort, but are a symptom of an infection like the flu, sore throat or any other diseases. In this case, inflammation of the lymph nodes, which is the cause muscle pain.
To finish with the small joys of sport, a word on the side.Very little known, they are probably caused either by a cramp in the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, or by fermentation of gas in the digestive tract (why it is advisable to run just after eating).
In conclusion, it would therefore be tempted to say that lactic acid is the enemy of sports and its muscles. It seems that things are not so simple. Indeed, ongoing studies show that this acid is also a doping muscle. Anyway, remedies are available and accessible to all warm up before the effort and hydrate regularly. For aches, if they are too high, some advise to take over some aspirin. |
